What are the main preventable etiologies for childhood death under the age of five years?

According to the data compile by UNICEF, we see the following for the world:

1) Prematurity 18%

2) Pneumonia 14%

3) Birth Asphyxia 12%

4) Malaria 9%

5) Diarrhea 9%

6) Congenital anomolies 8%

7) Injuries 5%

8) Blood infections/sepsis 3%

9) Tuberculosis 3%

10) all others

From a global perspective, we are on the right track as deaths have decreased significantly from 12 million in 1990 to less than 5 million annually in 2022. This is a massive improvement in global childhood health. More work to be done as pneumonia and diarrhea based death should be less than 1%. Access to clean water, clean medicines and adequate medical care could crush these issues….plus a literature review as well as an ode to mothers.

Enjoy,

Dr. M